Operationalizing the Values of History and Historical Education for Secondary Textbook Designs

摘要: Textbooks are not adequate resources from which to teach secondary history for two reasons: first, they largely disregard the nature of history, and second, do employ a sound method learn history. In an attempt address this problem, I three research questions: • What have been standards United States curriculum in education over past decades, since publication A Nation at Risk? • What is historical light Nietzsche Dewey respectively? • How can proper use design help authentic learning using Dewey? The study will analyze discourse on discern set values underwriting field. Once discerned, these serve as paradigm by alternative curricular designs be created. The rely philosophers interested both education, Friedrich John Dewey. Nietzsche’s (1873) “On Use Abuse History Life,” argued that justified insofar it affords us equipment life. Dewey’s (1938) Experience Education posited experience. With discussion their views mind, shows insights lend themselves typology prove helpful when attempting move beyond impasse understanding instruction. These come form five commitments: life, action, present, useful, interplay permanence change. This serves reminder those that, years, may neglected. It also provides directions aspirations teachers students who misguided. But before introduced classroom, its terms must given concrete face. This comes critical reading primary document, illustration tasks skills embedded new design.