Physicochemical and Formulation Developability Assessment for Therapeutic Peptide Delivery—A Primer

摘要: Peptides are an important class of endogenous ligands that regulate key biological cascades. As such, peptides represent a promising therapeutic with the potential to alleviate many severe disease states. Despite their potential, frequently pose drug delivery challenges scientists. This review introduces physicochemical, biophysical, biopharmaceutical, and formulation developability aspects pertinent discovery-to-development interface. It relevance these properties respect modalities available for peptide pharmaceuticals, parenteral route being most prevalent administration. also presents characterization strategies oral aim illuminating issues candidate. A brief overview other routes administration, including inhaled, transdermal, intranasal routes, is provided as generally preferred by patients over injectables. Finally, this techniques mitigate some obstacles associated delivery. The authors emphasize opportunities thoughtful application pharmaceutical science development drugs general advancement pharmaceuticals.