Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation

摘要: Idiopathic orbital inflammation is an inflammatory process of the orbit and ocular adnexa without local or systemic etiology. It second third most common tumor. can affect any race, age, sex, with peak incidence at middle ages. usually a unilateral disease almost equal involvement right left orbits. Patients commonly complain pain (58–69 %) diplopia (31–38 present periorbital swelling (75–79 %), proptosis (32–63 restriction in extraocular motility (54 conjunctival hyperemia (48 %). classified as acute, subacute, chronic based on onset duration symptoms; dacryoadenitis, myositis, scleritis, perineuritis, Tolosa-Hunt syndrome involved tissue; lymphocytic, granulomatous, sclerosing, vasculitic pathologic features. Cytokines important induction Th1 pathway are found to be increased idiopathic inflammation. This suggests role pathogenesis. Toll-like receptors 2 markedly expressed, supporting innate immune system. The diagnosis clinical radiologic findings; however, biopsy required confirm diagnosis. On computed tomography, it shows diffuse homogenous tissue. Histopathologic examination infiltrate cells well-differentiated mature lymphocytes, admixed plasma cells, neutrophils, eosinophils. management includes observation asymptomatic patients nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents selected cases. Corticosteroids main treatment option rapid dramatic response. Immunosuppressive used for who unresponsive corticosteroid have chronic, progressive course require long-term treatment.