作者: P.A Nuttall , M Labuda
DOI: 10.1016/S0065-3527(03)60007-2
关键词:
摘要: Tick-borne flaviviruses are common, widespread, and successfully adapted to their mode of transmission. Most tick vectors ixodid species. These ticks characterized by a comparatively long life cycle, lasting several years, during which the infecting virus may be maintained from one developmental stage next. Hence act as highly efficient reservoirs flaviviruses. Many tick-borne transmitted vertically, adult offspring, although frequency is too low maintain viruses solely in population. Instead, survival dependent on horizontal transmission, both an infected susceptible vertebrate host uninfected feeding animal. The dynamics transmission infection have traditionally been considered isolation: tick, following uptake blood meal, midgut, passage through hemocoel salivary glands, via saliva; host, delivery into skin at site feeding, draining lymph nodes, dissemination target organs. However, there now compelling evidence complex interaction between vector its that affects profoundly. battleground hemostatic, inflammatory, immune responses countered antihemostatic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory molecules (mostly proteins peptides) secreted saliva. Here we speculate exploitation pharmacopeia, rather than development viremia, key step successful flavivirus