Introduction to hydrology

摘要: I. THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE. 1. Introduction. Hydrology Defined. A Brief History. The Hydrologic Cycle. Budget. Models. Data. Common Units of Measurement. Application to Environmental Problems. 2. Precipitation. Water Vapor. Distribution the Precipitation Input. Point Areal Probable Maximum Gross and Net 3. Interception Depression Storage. Interception. Throughfall. 4. Infiltration. Measuring Calculation Horton's Infiltration Model. Green-AMPT Huggins-Monke Holtan Recovery Capacity. Temporal Spatial Variability SCS Runoff Curve Number Procedure Index 5. Evaporation Transportation. Evaporation. Estimating Control. Transpiration. Transpiration Evapotranspiration. 6. Streamflow. Drainage Basin Effects. Hydrograph. Measurement for Recording Measurements Depth Cross-Sectional Area. Velocity. Relating Velocity Flow Slope-Area Method Determining Discharge II. MEASUREMENTS AND MONITORING. 7. Data Sources. General Climatological Streamflow 8. Instrumentation. Instruments. Telemetry Systems. Remote Sensing 9. Monitoring Networks. Purpose Monitoring. Special Considerations. Use Computers in Hydrological-Meteorlogical III. SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGY. 10. Catchment. Catchments, Watersheds, Basins. Characteristics Affecting Runoff. Rudimentary Precipitation-Runoff Relationships. Frequency Analysis. Forecasting, 11. Hydrographs. Factors Hydrograph Shape. Components. Base Separation. Time Concentration. Lag Time. 12. Unit Definition. Derivation Hydrographs from Applications by Lagging Methods. S-Hydrograph Method. Instantaneous Synthetic 13. Routing. River Reservoir Hydraulic 14. Snow Hydrology. Accumulation Surveys. Characteristics. Snowmelt Process. Determinations. 15. Urban Small Watershed Peak Formulas Watersheds. Rural Effects Urbanization. 16. Design. Design Procedures. Design-Frequency Criteria. Storms. Critical Event Airport Storm Drain Floodplain Analysis IV. GROUNDWATER 17. Groundwater, Soils, Geology. Groundwater Flow--General Properties. Subsurface Water. Geologic Fluctuations Ground Level. Groundwater-Surface Relations. 18. Mechanics Flow. Hydrostatics. Darcy's Law. Permeability. Potential. Hydrodynamic Equations. Flowlines Equipotential Lines. Boundary Conditions. Nets. Variable Conductivity. Anisotropy. Dupuit's Theory 19. Wells Collection Devices. Wells. Steady Unconfined Radial Toward a Well. Confined Well Uniform Field. Fields. Images. Unsteady Leaky Aquifers. Partially Penetrating an Gallery. Saltwater Intrusion. Development. 20. Modeling Regional Finite-Difference Finite-Element Model Applications. Quality Models V. MODELING. 21. Introduction Modeling. Simulation. Simulation Protocol. Corps Engineers 22. Streamflows. 23. Continuous Studies 24. Single-Event Federal Agency Surge 25. Stormwater System Compared. Vendor-Developed Software. PART VI: STATISTICAL METHODS. 26. Probability Statistics. Random Variables Statistical Concepts Probability. Distributions. Moments Types Functions. Bivariate Linear Regression Correlation. Fitting Correlation 27. Graphical Using Factors. Reliability Partial Duration Series. Appendices. Index.