Biophysical Stimulation of Cells and Tissues in Bioreactors

摘要: Although the regeneration of complex tissue structures in all sites body is still a vision future, first steps towards introducing tissue-engineering- based therapies into surgery have already been made [1, 38, 58]. Bioreactors can be defined as devices which biological or biochemical processes, both, are re-enacted under controlled conditions (for example, pH, temperature, pressure, oxygen supply, nutrient supply and waste removal). Most bioreactors were originally developed to test biomaterials, but some them also invented with objective extracorporeal growth [39]. Various types bioreactor therefore tested for their use engineering. The ex vivo generation larger three-dimensional tissues particular requires development enlarged systems that allow cells locate themselves space, at same time satisfy physicochemical demands large cell masses commonly connected scaffold [22, 61]. design performance special relevance recent future tissue-engineering strategies. It important recognise most stimulated by mechanical forces, react very differently microenvironment tension). properties concern order optimise desired constructs [34, 40, 41].