Hepatocellular carcinoma prevention: A worldwide emergence between the opulence of developed countries and the economic constraints of developing nations

摘要: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common neoplasm, major cause of death in patients with liver cirrhosis, and third cancer-related world. The geographic distribution HCC varies signifi cantly 80% cases occur developing countries (Far East South Asia) where prevalence viral hepatitis higher. treatment diffi cult because are diagnosed when tumour an advanced stage not amenable to potential curative therapy, thus prevention key reducing its related morbidity mortality. unique among cancers, occurring mostly a known risk factor. Ninety percent HCCs develop context chronic diseases mainly cirrhosis. Viral worldwide, followed by alcoholic disease (ALD) other causes such as non-alcoholic fatty (NAFLD), genetic haemocromatosis (GH) primary biliary cirrhosis (Ⅲ- Ⅴ). In certain areas People's Republic China, exposure afl atoxin HBV infection thought be responsible for extraordinary high HCC. Substantial progresses virusl-related (screening blood units, use disposable sanitary tools, vaccination) have been achieved developed countries, but same areas, alcohol- dysmetabolism-related emerging problems which require specific interventions terms public health measures. economic constraints limit development any program transmission (including education campaigns, healthcare politics, improvement hygienic conditions). When established, only minority treated worldwide benefi t possible preventive effect medical on