Non-monetary valuation using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: Using a strength-of-evidence approach to inform choices among alternatives

摘要: Abstract This article demonstrates an approach to Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis that compares non-monetary ecosystem service (ES) outcomes for environmental decision making. ES are often inadequately defined and characterized by imprecision uncertainty. Outranking methods enrich our understanding of the imperfect knowledge allowing makers closely examine apply preference measures relationships among outcomes. We explain methodological assumptions related PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization METHod Enrichment Evaluation), them a wetland restoration planning study in Rhode Island, USA. In study, we partnered with watershed management organization evaluate four alternatives their abilities supply five ES: flood water regulation, scenic landscapes, learning opportunities, recreation, birds. Twenty-two benefit indicators were identified as well one indicator social equity reliability provision. developed functions characterize strength evidence across estimated values between pairs alternatives. ranked based on these preferences weights relevant different contexts. discuss successes challenges implementing PROMETHEE, including feedback from partners who utilized methods.