Ablation of atrial flutter by the femoral approach in the absence of inferior vena cava.

摘要: This report describes a case of isthmus-dependent atrial flutter ablation by the femoral approach in 77-year-old patient with previously unknown absence inferior vena cava (IVC). Multi-row detector CT angiography indicated perihepatic IVC, whereas venous blood is drained into superior (SVC) via azygos. An catheter could be advanced through right vein reaching heart azygos and SVC. Despite looping catheter, termination were performed successfully. first an inferior-to-superior for IVC.