Monitoring of Microalgal Processes.

摘要: Process monitoring, which can be defined as the measurement of process variables with smallest possible delay, is combined models to form basis for successful control. Minimizing delay leads inevitably employing online, in situ sensors where possible, preferably using noninvasive methods stable, low-cost sensors. Microalgal processes have similarities traditional bioprocesses but also unique monitoring requirements. In general, monitored microalgal categorized physical, chemical, and biological, they are measured gaseous, liquid, solid (biological) phases. Physical chemical usually online standard industrial The biological variables, however, relies mostly on developed validated laboratory-scale systems or uses offline because difficulties developing suitable Here, we review current technologies all types parameters cultivations, a focus parameters. We discuss newly introduced measuring that could possibly adapted routine use, should noninvasive, based approaches been proven other bioprocesses. New sensor physicochemical optical ion-specific field effect transistor (ISFET) discussed. Reviewed implementation potential include irradiance, biomass concentration by density image analysis, cell count, chlorophyll fluorescence, growth rate, lipid infrared spectrophotometry, dielectric scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance. Future perspectives discussed, especially analysis microscopy, software systems.