Transverse Forces and Motions at Cathode Spots in Vacuum Arcs

摘要: Consistent analyses are provided for the motion of cathode spot cells in presence magnetic fields parallel to surface (retrograde motion), spontaneous splitting cells, and grouping organized structures. The formulas retrograde cell frequencies evaluated carrying 1-80 A on copper vacuum arc cathodes. results shown agree satisfactorily with published experimental data. It is concluded that can be explained simply, measurements velocities provide useful information concerning sizes spots. close connection demonstrated between yields conclusion should slow an ambient gas, as does motion. Cathode energies formation spots circular clusters containing up twelve individual cells. concluded, apparent agreement experiment, such not stable under conditions clean where exhibit