Municipal solid waste management problems: an applied general equilibrium analysis

摘要: Keywords: Environmental policy; General equilibrium modeling; Negishi format; Waste management policies; Market distortions. About 40% of the entire budget spent on environmental problems in Netherlands is reserved for waste problem. Regardless amount management, quantity municipal solid generated still increases. It has up till now proven impossible to decouple generation and income growth. This thesis investigates policy options that can be used reduce looks specifically at direct indirect effects introducing unit-based pricing. Two types pricing are distinguished: a full scheme, which municipalities charge variable price collection both organic rest waste, selective only waste. presents modeling framework simulate market . The model includes several as sources consumer preferences, economies scale, transport costs, kinds emissions caused by treatment. In this specific focus was given possibility leakage, where consumers pollute stream with stylized example numerical data based 2000. results show scheme most effective tool Due however, it not advisable introduce every municipality. cost larger municipalities. these leakage too costly. degree pollution so high part cannot composted will have incinerated, thus greatly increasing costs treating Only small relatively large number environmentally concerned introduced. Larger may consider tool, stimulates prevention recycling, reducing limited.