Dynamic molecular assemblies toward a new frontier in materials chemistry

摘要: The crystal lattice energy of π-molecules is dominated by weak and anisotropic intermolecular interactions ranging in from 1 to ∼20 kJ mol−1, which can be tuned the introduction specific interaction sites parent π-molecular core. In various types crystals, supramolecular approaches using directional hydrogen-bonding, halogen bonding, π-stacking, host–guest, hydrophobic have been effectively used achieve dynamics including proton transfer, ionic transport, molecular rotations closest-packing assemblies. Such enable formation dynamic multi-functional intrinsic π-electronic materials with electrical conductivity, magnetism, unique optical responses. Short-range collective transfer occurs along hydrogen-bonding networks correlated dipole inversion ferroelectricity, whereas long-range transport directly associated bulk protonic conduction. Dynamic assemblies designed for protons via hydrogen bonding Li+ and/or Na+ channels, where freedom motion coupled properties. When rotation polar structural unit controllable an outer electric field, dielectric responses are ferroelectricity. Careful design rotary has potential create artificial motors or futuristic assembly machines. These functions, offering a new direction future chemistry.