摘要: This paper deals with the branch of statistical ecology which studies pattern variation in abundances different species present a habitat, as distinct from actual fixed set species. Much work this field has been done by ecologists, leading contributor being C. B. Williams, who published monograph on subject (Williams, 1964). A consequence is that while practical phenomena stimulated development theory are well documented, mathematical reasoning behind results sometimes left implicit or unclear. For instance empirical observation random collection insects numbers represented 1, ..., s specimens often approximately form