Triangular relationship among energy consumption, air pollution and water resources in Pakistan

摘要: Abstract Literature presents opposing findings about relationship among critical variables such as energy consumption, air pollution, water resources, and natural resource rents. This is particularly true in case of Pakistan. study aims to narrow the gap by examining long-run causal these Pakistan specific scenario covering a period 38 years i.e. 1975 2012, where all inputs are subject change. The results show that consumption resources have significant positive with pollution both short-run long-run. further supports unidirectional causality former latter not vice versa. Similarly, indicate continued influence over for next 10 years. total rent exhibits least contributor affect