Nonparaxial Accelerating Electron Beams

摘要: We investigate nonparaxial accelerating electron beams theoretically in two and three dimensions. Starting from the Klein–Gordon equation, we obtain Helmholtz equation for beams. demonstrate that can accelerate along semi-circular, parabolic, semi-elliptic trajectories. The shape of trajectory is determined by input beam, which be constructed using phase masks reflect relevant special functions: half-Bessel, Weber, or half-Mathieu. corresponding self-healing ballistic-like effects are also demonstrated. depth focus beam adjusted order function included input. Our investigation enriches family, provides new choices improving resolution transmission microscope images.