Integrating modelling and experiments to assess dynamic musculoskeletal function in humans.

摘要: Magnetic resonance imaging, bi-plane X-ray fluoroscopy and biomechanical modelling are enabling technologies for the non-invasive evaluation of muscle, ligament joint function during dynamic activity. This paper reviews these various in context their application to study human movement. We describe how three-dimensional, subject-specific computer models muscles, ligaments, cartilage bones can be developed from high-resolution magnetic images; used measure relative movements at a three dimensions with submillimetre accuracy; complex 3-D simulations movement performed using new computational methods based on non-linear control theory; musculoskeletal forces derived such as inputs elaborate finite-element calculate contact stress distributions basis. A hierarchical approach is highlighted that links rigid-body limb segments detailed joints. framework proposed integrates highly accurate vivo experimental data.