A multiscale FEA framework for bridging cell-wall to tissue-scale mechanical properties: the contributions of middle lamella interface and cell shape

摘要: Plant tissue represents cellular material with multiple structural hierarchies enabling a wide range of multifunctionalities and extraordinary mechanical properties. However, it is yet to be elucidated how subcellular-scale properties cell-to-cell interactions by middle lamella (ML) layer are translated larger scale responses. In this study, we examined an onion epidermal cell wall profile as representative multicellular system developed novel framework for multiscale finite element analysis (FEA) model that allows two-scale coupling in commercial FEA package. The core approach 3D repetitive volume (RVE), which composed four fragments from adjacent cells attached distinct ML layer. We parameterized shape anisotropy at RVE investigate resulting responses, were then scaled up the level. It was observed that, within elastic limit, RVE- tissue-scale responses barely affected modulus value; however, they moderately factor. detailed feature interface found critical creating anisotropic behavior localized stress concentration scale. Based on results, soft nanoscopic its specified architecture suggested key mediator attributing multifunctionality plant system. reported computational offers new insight into different length scales may affect materials exhibiting hierarchical structures.