ニホンザルのオス・メス間の友達関係は何のため：社会生態学の有効性と限界

摘要: The male-female affinitive relationships among non-kin which persist beyond the estrus period have been known in some primates, mainly savanna baboons, Japanese macaques and rhesus macaques. I call this friendship, review benefits of friendships for each sex. For females, proximity alliance male friends disrupts antagonism by opponents, more or less, all three species. On other hand males, effect enhanced reproductive success seems to be negative. It is necessary fully consider via infants baboons. Since it highly possible that baboon males take care a female friend's infant he sired past, such friendships, especially infanticidal would evolve through kin-selection rather than reciprocal altruism. When comes exchange between female, females play positive role maintenance as overall seem female-biased. Socio-ecology can offer explanations ultimate cause friendships. However, its explanatory power not enough explain following observations: two non-troop visit group coastal forest, Yakushima on separate days during mating season. They received grooming one-sidedly soon left without copulating. These cases seemed interactions old friends, but reciprocity cannot formed. As reunion with an friend after immigration rarely occurs, mal-adaptive behavior problem. does occurring events. we ignore just because they happen. one aspect macaque society monkeys “renews” friendship.