Effect of Grazing, Mowing, or Herbicide on Leafy Spurge Control

摘要: Leafy spurge (euphorbia esula L.) is an herbaceous perennial which deep rooted and can reproduce by seeds rhizomes. First introduced into North America in the 1800’s from Europe, it now covers 25 states USA several provinces Canada. It a major concern Dakota, South Wyoming, Montana, Nebraska. considered noxious weed that extremely competitive, establishing itself pastureland roadsides. Bangsund et al. (1997) estimated 2005, uncontrolled leafy acres would reach 18.5 million Northern Great Plains. The cost of to be 100’s millions dollars due lost grazing through reduction available AUM’s (animal unit months) treatment costs may not economically feasible. This impart fact cattle avoid eating because postingestive negative feedbacks plant toxins (Kronberg al., 1993) areas where canopy cover high, thus reducing grass production utilization (Hein Miller, 1992).