Superoxide production by marine microalgae : I. Survey of 37 species from 6 classes

摘要: A survey was conducted for production of the reactive oxygen species superoxide by 37 (65 strains) microalgae including dinoflagellates, raphidophytes, chlorophytes, prasinophytes, eustigmatophytes and prymnesiophytes. Ichthyotoxic raphidophyte Chattonella were found to produce highest environmental levels (177×104 total chemiluminescence units). However, ichthyotoxic dinoflagellates (Karenia, Alexandrium) prymnesiophyte Prymnesium also significant (4×104, 3×104 5×104 units, respectively), equivalent that other Heterosigma Fibrocapsa (6×104 2×104, respectively). direct relationship between cell size observed (r2=0.94), with larger cells producing more per cell. produced most (expressed as cellular units), followed dinoflagellate Karenia, Alexandrium, Takayama Gymnodinium. Small cells, such very little (cellular but potentially could still high if present at biomass levels. Species commonly used aquaculture bivalve feeds Dunaliella, Tetraselmis, Nannochloropsis Pavlova negligible superoxide, even biomass. We speculate while not sole principle, may play a wider role in algal toxicity than previously considered, propose broad classification based upon production.