Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in HIV Co-infected Individuals: Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities for the Future.

摘要: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most important causes death among people co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The diagnosis TB challenging in HIV individuals, due to a high frequency smear-negative disease and rates extrapulmonary TB. Accurate, ease use rapid active are critical World Health Organization (WHO) End Strategy by 2050. Traditional laboratory techniques do not provide accurate results effectively manage patients. Over last decade, molecular methods have provided significant steps fight against However, many patients access these diagnostic tests. Given costs closely related confirming patients, an overtreatment for is used this patient population. Nowadays, estimated US $8 billion year required treatment, which very compared making strategy improve current This review focuses on advances diagnosing emphasis HIV-associated Also discussed main challenges that need be overcome improving adequate initial HIV-positive