Proprioception as a basis for individual differences

摘要: Definition of proprioceptionThe term "proprioception" was introduced by Sherrington (1906), although this basic feeling ourselves had always been present. Proprioception, or the perception body awareness, is a sense that people are frequently not aware of, but greatly rely upon. More easily demonstrated than explained, proprioception "unconscious" awareness where various regions located at any given time. For example, with closed eyes, we can say our hands legs moment. Without could bring spoon bearing soup into mouth, ride bicycle, change gears car without looking feet.Proprioception as described SechenovIn his 1863 work "Refleksi golovnogo mozga" [Reflexes brain], renowned Russian physiologist Sechenov called "dark muscle sense" (Sechenov, 2013, originally published 1863), and role in training vision, hearing other senses, especially "Elements Thoughts" 2013). He spatial vision formed first all help proprioceptors eye muscles, secondly, due to multiple evaluation combination distance eyes legs. As for measurements, still conserve some countries "proprioceptive" (related length parts) units like "feet", "inch", old ones such ell (originally cubit, i.e., approximating man's arm from elbow tip middle finger, about 18 inches), dactilus digit, palm ancient Greece.As thought, only analysing components space, also time: "Near, far, height subjects, their traces velocities -- products sense... The same sense, being partial (frac- tioned) periodical movements, becomes measurement instrument space time" 2013).Proprioception tested neurologists when they ask patients touch nose finger walk along straight line drawn on floor. It checked American police officers having suspect closed, gauge alcohol intoxication: normal make an error no more twenty millimetres.Effects alterations proprioceptionWhen altered, sensitive ataxia take place, clinical case Wingenshtein (Schmidt, 1984), patient after operation lost her gradually forgot how move eat, even stopped breathing. To remain functional, she would compensate proprioceptive loss principally Ian Waterman (BBC movie, 1998, man who body). If impairment takes place part missing one's mental self-image, need check it visually (to look down limbs, example) pinch feel part); however, under complete body, simply cannot may guide visually, case. In order learn again, he used needed feet while moving documentary, body).Small felt one catches cold tired. Under vibration external/internal stimuli (real virtual) changes appear, "Pinocchio effect" (Kilteni, Normand, Sanchez-Vives, & Slater, 2012; Lackner, 1988) size altered (perceived too large small). experience Illusion", you apply vibrator biceps tendon holding your ipsilateral hand. …