Ontogeny of the hominoid scapula: The influence of locomotion on morphology.

摘要: Primate shoulder morphology has been linked with locomotor habits, oftentimes irrespective of phylogenetic heritage. Among hominoids, juvenile African apes are known to climb more frequently than adults, while orangutans and gibbons maintain an arboreal lifestyle throughout ontogeny. This study examined if these ontogenetic differences carry a morphological signal, which should be evident in the scapulae chimpanzees gorillas but absent taxa that do not display behavioral shifts. The scapular five hominoid primates one catarrhine outgroup was ontogeny evaluate traits activities modified response shifts away from climbing. Specifically, following questions were addressed: 1) characteristics distinguish different habits; 2) show associated changes during development modify their patterns? Several characterized suspensory nonsuspensory forms, such as cranially oriented glenohumeral joints, obliquely spines, relatively narrow infraspinous fossae, inferolaterally expanded subscapularis fossae. relative shape dorsal fossae changed Pan, Gorilla, also Macaca line predictions based on reported behavior. These mostly distinct those seen Pongo, Hylobates, Homo imply unique developmental pattern, possibly related Accordingly, features sorted by habits concert patterns particularly useful for reconstructing fossil forms. Am J Phys Anthropol 152:239–260, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.