From E-Processes to E-Networks: an E-Service-oriented Approach.

摘要: Looking at the recent history of information systems, two complementary trends seem to emerge. On one side, systems become more modular. The shift is from tight integration loosely coupled components. other distance between business models and technology (IT) shortening. Aggressive impose new requirements on IT. At same time, operational capabilities made available by IT drive definition models. Web services are most noticeable outcome first trend. E-services play a similar role for second In this paper, we concentrate e-services their relationships with type processes used e-businesses. We refer as e-processes. introduce e-services, outline interconnections web services. Focusing composition aspects e-processes then discuss potential processlevel cooperation composite e-service solutions. these solutions e-networks. discussion based our work DySCo (Dynamic e-Service Composer) framework enetwork management. A brief description associated platform included, together an analysis some issues related service level agreements (SLAs) in 1.The vision Until recently, Internet was about creation e-commerce it dominated sites storefronts. have now entered next evolution: proliferation [13]. modular, nimble, units businesses consumers. Almost any asset can be turned into offered efficiently via Internet. definition: that revenue streams or create efficiencies. Chapter 1 being wired employees, customers partners; key linked Internet, critical mass consumers coming online. Businesses were learning how turn resource. Now, ready its evolution. It no longer looking technology. has been absorbed core infrastructure, capitalise asset. 2 e-services. come form modular units, which combined recombined solve problems help overcome limitations static infrastructure. Successful companies will those capable turning assets deliver them 2.E-services Since proposed Hewlett-Packard years ago, virtually all major players industry aligned behind it. number different initiatives emerged, paving way towards full realisation world. First all, mean openness; openness means common standards. XML clear example impact standards open systems. Layered top XML, standardisation efforts building foundation automated interaction. Platform-level like SOAP [1], WSDL [3], WSFL [6] complement BPMI [2], ebXML [4], RosettaNet [10] processes. UDDI dynamic formation advocated supported practice. changes go beyond very structure businesses. chapter had reengineer internal order sustain webbased channels customers. Similar if not deeper required take advantage opportunities two. Technology mainly instrumental changes, but certainly represents important catalyst. particular, flexible platforms enable represent step direction. IBM-led initiative aimed applications. given IBM architecture team “... self-contained, applications described, published, located, invoked over network, generally, Web” [5]. among outcomes initiative. described model business-level find mapping application-level 3.E-services characterisation e-business terms capability company interact electronically Electronic interaction meant browser-based additional channel New front-end built processes, back-end infrastructure left substantially unchanged. Market forces already decided inappropriateness individual cases. Learning (very expensive) experiments companies, propose e-businesses separation standard eprocesses [11, 14]. successful operation derives synergy ecosystem. distinction external could lead involving [12]. Wide enough accommodate architectures emerged past, believe such fails recognise electronic general, particular. e-process process sustaining Internetcentred model. blur reflects pervasiveness Internet-centred company. entire align models, principle try capture eprocesses. Far suggesting every e-process, aim stimulate careful adequacy respect needs focus content rather involved. value generated supply approach description, discovery, negotiation products e-business. offer emerges customer elements implemented demand acquiring resources capabilities. E-processes exploit chain