Evaporation from a free liquid surface

摘要: Abstract Steady state evaporation from a planar liquid surface into vacuum is modelled by non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of Lennard-Jones fluid. Studies are made for liquids at low temperature T / c  = 0.53, medium  = 0.65 and high  = 0.84, where the critical temperature. Results given profiles density, kinetic temperature, distinguishing between its components, drift velocity, outgoing, incoming total particle flux as well coefficient α . Moreover, velocity distribution functions shown. The simulation results compared with those theory. key findings are: (a) For yield values vapour density which confirm assumption Hertz about an outgoing half-sided Maxwellian implies  = 1. (b) all temperatures, do not change significantly in interface comparison equilibrium. (c) temperatures somewhat decrease already more leads to lower than assumed hence decreases Finally, simple correlation estimate function