Preparation and sintering of Ce1?xGdxO2?x/2 nanopowders and their electrochemical and EPR characterization

摘要: Abstract Ce 1− x Gd O (4− )/2 (CGO; =0.1; 0.2) nanopowders have been synthesised by various preparation procedures. The materials uniaxially pressed and sintered at 1450 °C to obtain high-density ceramic pellets ( ρ rel ≥96%). microstructural properties were investigated electron microscopy X-ray diffraction. It has observed that these influence bulk resistance, which represents a significant contribution the overall device resistance in intermediate-temperature electrochemical devices. degree of electronic conductivity is associated with occurrence 3+ ions generally caused exposure very low oxygen partial pressures or reduced conditions. found paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis occurs on 10% doped CGO powder even under air exposure, whereas it does not vary procedure.