摘要: Unanticipated difficulties continue to occur in airway management. While newer systems of evaluation show some promise, the problem poor predictive value limits their usefulness. Newer radiological techniques are useful for assessment patients with known pathology or anatomical difficulty but little help when unexpected problems arise. Several new tools available which aid management both anticipated and unanticipated problems. The anaesthetist should have a clear “fall back” plan these use emergency urgent situations. Published algorithms may selection appropriate techniques, must also develop dexterity particular technique chosen.