The phylogeny of howler monkeys (Alouatta, Platyrrhini): reconstruction by multicolor cross-species chromosome painting.

摘要: We performed multidirectional chromosome painting in a comparative cytogenetic study of the three howler monkey species Alouatta fusca, A. caraya and seniculus macconnelli (Atelinae, Platyrrhini) order to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships within this genus. Comparative genome maps between these were established by multicolor fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) employing human, Saguinus oedipus Lagothrix lagothricha chromosome-specific probes. The included previously analyzed subjected analysis on basis data matrix comprised 98 discrete molecular characters. results revealed that monkeys represent genus with most extensive karyotype diversity Platyrrhini so far high levels intraspecific chromosomal variability. Two different multiple sex systems identified. indicated is monophyletic clade which can be derived from proposed ancestral Atelinae 2n=62 chromosomes fusion, fission, Y-autosomal translocation pericentric inversion. Following suggestions, divided into two distinct groups: first includes belzebul, second s. macconnelli, sara, arctoidea fusca.