作者: Ronald E. Baynes , Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere , Jim E. Riviere
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摘要: The cause of the Gulf War Syndrome may be related to soldiers being exposed insecticides (e.g., permethrin (P)), insect repellents N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)), an organophosphate nerve agent simulant diisopropyl fluorpohosphate (DFP)), and/or prophylactic treatment pyridostigmine bromide (PB)) against potential gas attacks. purpose this study was assess dermal disposition [14C]permethrin in ethanol or ethanol:water (3:2) isolated perfused porcine skin flap (IPPSF) model with simultaneous exposure DEET DFP. These IPPSFs were also simultaneously arterially without PB, DFP, DFP + PB. results indicated that PB significantly increased absorption compared controls (1.06% dose vs 0.14% dose). stratum corneum (SC) aqueous mixtures only (9.40 3.35% dose), while topical reduced levels SC especially nonaqueous mixtures. enhanced penetration into all tissues and perfusate mixtures, reversed effect. appeared influence flowthrough diffusion cells, suggesting mechanism interaction associated predominantly epidermal permeability, although muscarinic effects vasculature should not ruled out requires further investigation. experiments suggest intraarterial perfusion application can alter possibly its bioavailability these chemicals.