The effects of particulate and ozone pollution on mortality in Moscow, Russia

摘要: The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate how acute mortality responds changes in particulate and ozone (O3) pollution levels, (2) identify vulnerable population groups by age cause death, (3) address the problem interaction between effects O3 pollution. Time-series daily counts, air pollution, temperature obtained for city Moscow during a 3-year period (2003–2005). To estimate pollution-mortality relationships, we used log-linear model that controlled potential confounding longer term trends. 10 μg/m3 increases average measures matter ≤10 μm aerodynamic diameter (PM10) were, respectively, 0.33% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09–0.57] 1.09% (95% CI 0.71–1.47) increase all-cause non-accidental Moscow; 0.66% (0.30–1.02) 1.61% (1.01–2.21) from ischemic heart disease; 0.48% (0.02–0.94) 1.28% (0.54–2.02) cerebrovascular diseases. In group >75 years, increments consistently higher, typically factor 1.2 – 1.5, depending upon death. PM10-mortality relationships significantly modified levels. On days with concentrations above 90th percentile, PM10 risk was threefold greater disease fourfold than unadjusted estimate.