Who stole my cheese

摘要: Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has fostered many object monitoring applications. Along with this trend, a corresponding important problem is to verify the intactness of set objects using that their attached tags. Existing solutions necessitate knowledge tag identifiers (IDs), sharing intuition verifying whether any absent comes after knowing which tags are supposed be present. Such solutions, however, can hardly live up recent vision anonymous RFID systems isolate IDs from protocols design for privacy concern. In paper, we take first leap toward systems. We identify three critical solution requirements-deterministic verification, anonymity preservation, and scalability-for applications tolerating no absence. Without as priori, propose series crypto-free, lightweight satisfy requirements. The proposed explore tag-cardinality difference or leverage Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum enabled RFID. validate performance in terms accuracy, privacy, scalability through both analytical simulation results. To cater tolerate losing some tagged objects, further probabilistic verification trade tiny accuracy boosted efficiency.