The synganglion of the jumping spider Marpissa muscosa (Arachnida: Salticidae): Insights from histology, immunohistochemistry and microCT analysis.

摘要: Jumping spiders are known for their extraordinary cognitive abilities. The underlying nervous system structures, however, largely unknown. Here, we explore and describe the anatomy of brain in jumping spider Marpissa muscosa (Clerck, 1757) by means paraffin histology, X-ray microCT analysis immunohistochemistry as well three-dimensional reconstruction. In prosoma, CNS is a clearly demarcated mass that surrounds esophagus. anteriormost neuromere, protocerebrum, comprises nine bilaterally paired neuropils, including mushroom bodies one unpaired midline neuropil, arcuate body. Further ventrally, synganglion cheliceral (deutocerebrum) pedipalpal neuropils (tritocerebrum). Synapsin-immunoreactivity all generally strong, while allatostatin-immunoreactivity mostly present association with body stomodeal bridge. most prominent brain, body, were suggested to be higher integrating centers arthropod brain. M. muscosa connected first second order visual lateral eyes, anterior median eyes (primary eyes) through tract. connection both, large size corroborates hypothesis these play an important role cognition locomotion control spiders. addition, show architecture some previously investigated salticids differs significantly from wandering Cupiennius salei, especially regard structure arrangement Thus, need anatomical conformities specificities brains different taxa understand evolutionary transformations