Retrieval-induced forgetting of arithmetic facts across cultures

摘要: Retrieving a single-digit multiplication fact (3×4 =12) can slow response time (RT) for the corresponding addition (3+4=7). The present experiment investigated effects of problem type (i.e., tie problems such as 3+3 vs. non-ties 3+4) and cultural background on this retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) phenomenon in young adults. Canadians answering English (n=36), Chinese adults (n=36) received four blocks practice then two counterparts control additions. Tie presented robust RIF effect that did not differ between groups, but only Canadian group showed small with sum≤10 (3+4). groups' ties, non-ties, converges recent evidence ties are solved by direct memory retrieval whereas may be highly efficient procedural processes skill...