Measuring the Earth’s Magnetic Field from Space: Concepts of Past, Present and Future Missions

摘要: Observations of the Earth’s magnetic field from low-Earth orbiting (LEO) satellites started very early on, more than 50 years ago. Continuous such observations, relying on advanced technology and mission concepts, have however only been available since 1999. The unprecedented time-space coverage this recent data set opened revolutionary new possibilities for monitoring, understanding exploring field. In near future, three-satellite Swarm constellation concept to be launched by ESA, will not ensure continuity measurements, but also provide enhanced improve our ability characterize understand many sources that produce present paper we review discuss advantages drawbacks various LEO space magnetometry concepts used so far, report motivations led latest concept. We conclude with some considerations about future could possibly implemented much needed magnetometry, scientific return, time ends.