Long-Term Estimates of the Energy-Return-on-Investment (EROI) of Coal, Oil, and Gas Global Productions

摘要: Abstract We use a price-based methodology to assess the global energy-return-on-investment (EROI) of coal, oil, and gas, from beginning their reported production (respectively 1800, 1860, 1890) 2012. It appears that EROI oil gas productions reached maximum values in 1930s–40s, respectively around 50:1 150:1, have declined subsequently. Furthermore, we suggest coal has not yet its value. Based on original work Dale et al. (2011), then present new theoretical dynamic expression EROI. Modifications model were needed order perform calibrations each our historical estimates Theoretical models replicate fact EROIs both already been while this is case for coal. In prospective exercise, show pace expected decrease coming century. Regarding are helpful estimate value date peak, which will most likely occur between 2025 2045, 95(± 15):1.