On Turbulence Production by Swimming Marine Organisms in the Open Ocean and Coastal Waters

摘要: Abstract Microstructure and acoustic profile time series were collected near Ocean Station P in the eastern subarctic North Pacific Saanich Inlet at south end of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, to examine production turbulent dissipation by swimming marine organisms. At P, although a number zooplankton species are large enough generate turbulence with Reynolds numbers Re > 1000, biomass densities typically less than 103 individuals per cubic meter (<0.01% volume), kinetic energy rates e better correlated 16-m vertical shear backscatter layers. In Inlet, where krill up 104 (0.1% no dramatic elevation was associated dusk dawn migrations layer. Dissipation factor 2 higher [〈e〉 = 1.4 × 10−8 W kg−1, corresponding buoyancy 〈e〉/(νN 2) ∼ 140] bac...