摘要: Reports of drug resistance have been made in every livestock host and to anthelmintic class. In some regions world, the extremely high prevalence multi-drug (MDR) nematodes sheep goats threatens viability small-ruminant industries. Resistance horses cattle has not yet reached levels seen small ruminants, but evidence suggests that problems resistance, including MDR worms, are also increasing these hosts. There is an urgent need develop both novel non-chemical approaches for parasite control molecular assays capable detecting resistant worms.