FETAL TESTOSTERONE AND CRIMINALITY: TEST OF EVOLUTIONARY NEUROANDROGENIC THEORY†

摘要: Evolutionary neuroandrogenic (ENA) theory asserts that criminality is a crude form of competitive behavior over resources, status, and mating opportunities. Theoretically, males have been selected for resource acquisitiveness as result female preferences mates who are successful at provisioning. ENA also brain exposure to both prenatal postpubertal androgens (particularly testosterone) promotes all forms competitiveness, including those victimize others. The present study was undertaken test by correlating 14 self-reported measures offending with biomarker fetal testosterone based on the ratio 2nd 4th digits right hand (r2D:4D), in nonrepresentative sample 445. Both Spearman correlations negative binomial regressions produced results largely supported hypothesized connection between high androgen exposure, even when findings were analyzed separately sex. Also, significantly associated r2D:4D females. Overall, this supports view exposing levels other prenatally elevates probability later life.