On the Use of Unmanned Aerial Systems for Environmental Monitoring

摘要: Environmental monitoring plays a central role in diagnosing climate and management impacts on natural agricultural systems; enhancing the understanding of hydrological processes; optimizing allocation distribution water resources; assessing, forecasting, even preventing disasters. Nowadays, most data collection systems are based upon combination ground-based measurements, manned airborne sensors, satellite observations. These utilized describing both small- large-scale processes, but have spatiotemporal constraints inherent to each respective system. Bridging unique spatial temporal divides that limit current platforms is key improving our environmental systems. In this context, Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) considerable potential radically improve monitoring. UAS-mounted sensors offer an extraordinary opportunity bridge existing gap between field observations traditional air- space-borne remote sensing, by providing high detail over relatively large areas cost-effective way entirely new capacity for enhanced retrieval. As well as showcasing recent advances field, there also need identify understand limitations UAS technology. For these reach their potential, wide spectrum unresolved issues application-specific challenges require focused community attention. Indeed, leverage full UAS-based approaches, sensing technologies, measurement protocols, postprocessing techniques, retrieval algorithms, evaluation techniques be harmonized. The aim paper provide overview research applications ecosystem order future directions, applications, developments, challenges.