Initial assessment of the carbon emission rate and climatic consequences during the end-Permian mass extinction

摘要: Numerous lines of geochemical and stable isotopic evidence indicate that the end-Permian mass extinction was accompanied by abrupt climate change induced CO2 addition. Catastrophic Siberian volcanism may have released a large amount into atmosphere pushed Earth's system beyond critical threshold, causing extinction. However, injection rate, total source are largely unknown. We conducted suite simulations using recently published carbon isotope records U–Pb ages from Meishan section in Zhejiang province, China. An Earth System Model Intermediate Complexity (cGENIE; http://www.genie.ac.uk) used to extract pattern release needed replicate observed excursion across Permian-Triassic boundary. This analysis leads us suggest must been significantly heavier than typical biogenic or thermogenic methane explain significant warming occurred during after event. Nevertheless, as with Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, rates addition were likely small compared modern fossil-fuel burning, but considerably more protracted, such emitted exceeded reserves. Peak emission corresponded onset maximum interval, consistent cycle disruption, including volcanogenic CO2-induced (and perhaps ocean acidification), trigger for