RECONCILING INTERESTS AMONG WILDLIFE, LIVESTOCK AND PEOPLE IN EASTERN AFRICA: A SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS APPROACH

摘要: From the perspective of local livelihoods this paper explores complex interactions between wildlife, livestock and people, options for integrated wildlife management in semi-arid rangelands eastern Africa. The draws on sustainable approach which explicitly considers whether households have access to assets required engage an activity, how that activity ‘fits’ with existing livelihood activities. • Appraisal evaluation conservation development projects proven problematic because conventional methods fail capture both direct indirect impacts rural their distribution across households. In Africa, where ‘plains game’ is concentrated around protected areas, costs living cannot simply be compensated by income generation from management. Efforts promote (IWLM) need ensure pastoralists seasonal grazing water, limit negative aspects integration (such as disease transmission, predation crop damage). value generated can enhanced, not only enabling people realise share, but also ensuring timing flows fits expenditure patterns extending individual household control over income. Incentives integrating into strategies are likely greater than agro-pastoralists, although institutional may favour agro-pastoralists.