Making Metals Count: Applications of Material Flow Analysis

摘要: Industrial ecology is frequently regarded as the organizing framework for studying interactions of technological societies with environment. A theme central to industrial way that materials are used which, in turn, relates environmental and resource availability concerns. The material fluxes seen between production raw materials, manufacture use products, their fate at end life quantified using flow analysis, record keeping atoms mobilized by humans within a bounded system. Stocks Flows project Yale University examines full cycle anthropogenically on variety spatial levels, including city-, country-, regional-, global-level cycles. Different temporal levels also examined, research conducted historical studies, contemporary scenario development. Material cycles have been completed copper, zinc, silver, current work iron steel, chromi...