Immunity to viruses

摘要: The analysis of the innate and adaptive immune response to viruses has provided fundamental insight into functioning system. Early studies on host virus infection were instrumental in establishing concept immunological tolerance (1). Similarly, realization that T lymphocytes are ‘restricted’ their recognition antigens by gene products encoded within major histocompatibility complex (MHC) locus came from T-lymphocyte virus-infected cells (2). Likewise, important initial insights antigen processing presentation (3, 4). Until recently, it was convenient view immunity infectious agents like as a separate branch immunology distinct tumors, self-molecules (antigens), or allergens. As demonstrated many articles this volume Immunological Reviews, mechanisms underlying induction regulation represent same processes controlling tumor antigens, allergens, self-constituents. Thus, results summarized these review implications findings applicable not only those us who study but also community at large. In selecting topics for we first foremost limited space. Consequently, contributors field viral (indeed several topics) represented volume. Our selection authors biased towards emerging areas, such application systems biology approaches pathogenesis immunity, contribution inflammatory stress responses Innate responses, impact microbiome infection. We considered relevant include reviews focused well defined areas where recent have resulted potential paradigm shifts our understanding B-lymphocyte This Reviews is somewhat weighted analyses respiratory viruses. With episodic infections with severe acute syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus outbreak human avian influenza A H7N9 virus, organisms recognized pathogens pandemic spread. Therefore, class focus research. The can be grouped according following scheme: (i) molecules regulating response, (ii) expression effector activity, (iii) antiviral (iv) vaccination (Fig. 1). Fig. 1 Immunity