The Color of the Coastal Ocean and Applications in the Solution of Research and Management Problems

摘要: The coastal ocean, which we define as extending from the coast seaward to edge of continental margin (approximately 500 m depth), is most productive area global ocean (Chen et a1., 20011' Koblenz-Mishke al., 1970). It experiences significant carbon fixation by photosynthesis, in turn supports abundant and diverse pelagic benthic fauna relative deep ocean. For humans, has important recreation transportation functions, it locus living non-living resource extraction activities. Because these factors because beauty approximately 25Yo human population resides watersheds densities that exceed those inland communities a factor three (Small Nichols, 2003). In United States, over 50 percent watershed counties occupy less than25 country's land area. Around globe, density continues increase faster along than areas. However, affected close proximity growing urban areas, commercial industrial interests, sediment, nutrient, or other pollutant discharges generated our marine result stress resources, with undesired consequences significant, perceptible, quick degradation water quality, biodiversity, fish abundance on scale. Climate variability funher complicates this situation, but impacts climate change their utilization, development are still unclear. We know plays an role defining geochemical imbalances at Earth's surface geological time scales through sequestration organisms. whether helps mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gases shorter (years decades) not remains one pressing questions biogeochemistry. These issues present difficult challenges for stewards environment, who currently have limited ways assess conditions sensitive environments. Similarly, scientists studying change, associated feedbacks, natural processes found traditional techniques inadequate cover range