microRNAs in Parkinson's Disease: From Pathogenesis to Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches

摘要: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most prevalent central nervous system (CNS) movement disorder and second common neurodegenerative overall. PD characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) within midbrain, accumulation alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) Lewy bodies neurites excessive neuroinflammation. The processes typically begin decades before appearance clinical symptoms. Therefore, diagnosis achievable only when majority relevant DAergic have already died for that reason available treatments are palliative at best. causes mechanism(s) this devastating ill-defined but complex interactions between genetic susceptibility environmental factors considered major contributors to etiology PD. In addition role classical gene mutations PD, importance regulatory elements modulating expression has been increasingly recognized. One example critical played microRNAs (miRNAs) development homeostasis distinct populations CNS and, particular, context Recent reports demonstrate how miRNAs involved regulation genes, whereas profiling approaches unveiling variations abundance certain possibly either onset or progression disease. review, we provide an overview recently found be implicated etiology, with particular focus on their potential relevance as biomarkers, well possible use targeted therapy.