Environomic Optimization of District Heating Network Systems with Both Centralized and Decentralized Heat Pumps.

摘要: In Switzerland like in many countries, of the populated areas are located close to lakes or rivers, offering a large potential for use heat pumps. Although district heating is an obvious solution, adapting delivery temperature most exigent users detrimental overall system performance. The best configuration could avoid this pitfall by relying on centralized plant pumps with cogeneration, supplemented decentralized more demanding users. Using expert knowledge compose superconfiguration all possible components network both and pumps, novel methodology proposed modeling optimizing, under known sets economic, user characteristic environmental constraint data, final resulting from as well configuration’s corresponding component designs. optimization accomplished help cutting-edge operations research tool, genetic algorithm, while model itself based total cost objective function which unifies single investment, operation, pollution costs. These latter costs (for each major pollutants) literature continuous penalty functions adapted emissions local immissions ratios. penalties included guide choice designs away regions where limits undesirable levels actual combination / global conditions approached too closely. Results shown various distributions fuel electricity prices. A comparison between results found without taking into account also presented.