A Matter of Scale and Dimensions: Chromatin of Chromosome Landmarks in the Fungi

摘要: Chromatin and chromosomes of fungi are highly diverse dynamic, even within species. Much what we know about histone modification enzymes, RNA interference, DNA methylation, cell cycle control was first addressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Aspergillus nidulans, Neurospora crassa. Here, examine the three landmark regions that required for maintenance stable their faithful inheritance, namely, origins replication, telomeres centromeres. We summarize state recent chromatin research explains is normal function these specialized chromosomal different fungi, with an emphasis on silencing mechanism associated subtelomeric regions, initiated by sirtuin deacetylases H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) methyltransferases. explore mechanisms appearance "accessory" or "conditionally dispensable" contrast has been learned from studies genome-wide chromosome conformation capture S. N. crassa, Trichoderma reesei. While most current knowledge based work a handful genetically biochemically tractable model organisms, suggest where major gaps remain to be closed. Fungi will continue serve as facile organisms uncover basic processes life because they make excellent genetics, biochemistry, biology, evolutionary biology.