作者: G. M. Keegan , I. D. Learmonth , C. P. Case
DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.89B5.18903
关键词:
摘要: The long-term effects of metal-on-metal arthroplasty are currently under scrutiny because the potential biological metal wear debris. This review summarises data describing release, dissemination, uptake, activity, and toxicity debris released from alloys used in modern orthopaedics. introduction risk assessment for evaluation their use patients is discussed this should include harmful on immunity, reproduction, kidney, developmental toxicity, nervous system carcinogenesis.