What separates us? Sources of resistance to globalization

摘要: With increasing sophistication, economists have been estimating gravity equations for five decades. Robust evidence shows that borders and distance impede trade by much more than tariffs or transports costs can explain. We therefore advocate investigation of other sources resistance, despite the greater difficult involved in measuring modelling them. From our selective review recent findings, a unifying explanation emerges. A legacy historical isolation conflict forged world economy which neither tastes nor information are homogeneously distributed. Cultural difference inadequate manifest themselves most strongly at national over distance.